Sleep Deprivation and Insomnia in Adolescence: Implications for Mental Health.

Sleep changes significantly throughout the human lifespan. Physiological modifications in sleep regulation, in common with many mammals (especially in the circadian rhythms), predispose adolescents to sleep loss until early adulthood. Adolescents are one-sixth of all human beings and are at high risk for mental diseases (particularly mood disorders) and self-injury. This has been attributed to the incredible number of changes occurring in a limited time window that encompasses rapid biological and psychosocial modifications, which predispose teens to at-risk behaviors. Adolescents' sleep patterns have been investigated as a biunivocal cause for potential damaging conditions, in which insufficient sleep may be both a cause and a consequence of mental health problems. The recent COVID-19 pandemic in particular has made a detrimental contribution to many adolescents' mental health and sleep quality. In this review, we aim to summarize the knowledge in the field and to explore implications for adolescents' (and future adults') mental and physical health, as well as to outline potential strategies of prevention.

Emotional Exhaustion, a Proxy for Burnout, Is Associated with Sleep Health in French Healthcare Workers without Anxiety or Depressive Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Burnout is frequent among healthcare workers, and sleep problems are suspected risk factors. The sleep health framework provides a new approach to the promotion of sleep as a health benefit. The aim of this study was to assess good sleep health in a large sample of healthcare workers and to investigate its relationship with the absence of burnout among healthcare workers while considering anxiety and depressive symptoms. A cross-sectional Internet-based survey of French healthcare workers was conducted in summer 2020, at the end of the first COVID-19 lockdown in France (March to May 2020). Sleep health was assessed using the RU-SATED v2.0 scale (RegUlarity, Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, Duration). Emotional exhaustion was used as a proxy for overall burnout. Of 1069 participating French healthcare workers, 474 (44.3%) reported good sleep health (RU-SATED > 8) and 143 (13.4%) reported emotional exhaustion. Males and nurses had a lower likelihood of emotional exhaustion than females and physicians, respectively. Good sleep health was associated with a 2.5-fold lower likelihood of emotional exhaustion and associations persisted among healthcare workers without significant anxiety and depressive symptoms. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore the preventive role of sleep health promotion in terms of the reduction in burnout risk.

Qualité de sommeil et état psychologique d’une cohorte de patients à trois mois d’une infection à COVID-19

Objectif Depuis le début de la pandémie de COVID-19, les symptômes persistants sont devenus une préoccupation croissante. L’objectif de notre étude est d’évaluer les symptômes psychiatriques et ceux liés au sommeil après une infection à COVID-19, ainsi que sur leur relation avec les autres symptômes résiduels. Notre hypothèse est que les patients ayant souffert d’une infection plus sévère auront une moins bonne qualité de sommeil et des scores plus élevés sur les échelles psychométriques. Méthodes Il s’agit d’une étude prospective conduite à l’hôpital Bichat (AP–HP) comprenant une évaluation clinique systématique des patients 3 mois après une infection à COVID-19, au moyen de questionnaires (ESS, ISI, PSQI, HAD, PCL-S, QIDS-SR16) et d’un entretien standardisé. Résultats Sur les 102 patients inclus, 34,3 % souffraient de symptômes anxieux, 22,5 % de symptômes dépressifs, et 10 patients présentaient des idées suicidaires. Sur le plan du sommeil, 19,6 % étaient somnolents, 34,3 % souffraient d’insomnie, et 53,9 % présentaient une altération de leur qualité de sommeil. On ne retrouvait pas de différence significative sur ces scores en fonction de la gravité de l’infection. Les patients avec une plainte de dyspnée avaient des scores significativement plus élevés sur l’échelle d’insomnie avec un score médian de 7,5 [5–14] vs 5 [2–10] (p=0,026). Conclusion Notre étude montre une prévalence élevée de symptômes anxieux, dépressifs, et de troubles du sommeil à 3 mois d’une infection à COVID-19. Ces résultats soulignent la nécessité d’un suivi à long terme de ces patients, afin d’observer l’évolution de ces manifestations.